MODELS OF INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE IN EUROREGIONS

The main purpose of the article is to define models of innovative structures in Euroregions. It is on the modern stage of Development of Euroregional cooperation in the innovative sphere and its efficiency is determined by the capacities of a particular region based on the selected models of innovation development, which is influenced by a number of factors: the level of socio-economic development of the region, the state of development of innovation infrastructure, personnel potential in the sphere of innovation, the availability of financial resources for production and innovation, innovation policy, local authorities, the de-gree of state influence on the innovation processes in the region. The interrelation of these factors determines the opportunities for the development of Euro-regional cooperation in the field of innovation, as well as ways to overcome the problems that stand in the way of activating the innovation activity of the regions of Ukraine. The article also discusses innovative infrastructure of Euroregions, which leads to competitive advantages of the region and the creation of various business entities in the Euroregion.

such as R. Dragneva and K. Wolczuk (2014) from the UK, M. Krasucka (2010) from Poland and M. Moraliyska (2015) from Bulgaria, it can be argued that on the basis of these works, today there is a formation of a scientific direction that studies the transformation of socio-economic forms and types of entrepreneurship, new ways of managing these processes, and since the methodological basis in this direction is in the process of formation, this causes the need for deep scientific development of this issue.
Research objectives. In the study of innovative models in Euro-regions was reviewed by the infrastructure innovation investment model and clustering of European regions, and on the basis of theoretical and methodological research innovation infrastructure as a factor of innovative development of practical recommendations on the functioning of the innovation infrastructure in the regions. The article defines the concepts of innovative opportunities in Euro-Regional activities. Conclusions are drawn and further development prospects are defined.
Presentation of the main research material. The innovation system of the state can be considered as a set of its regional components -regional innovation systems. Based on this, we can highlight some topical issues.
1. The national innovation system as a whole should have a unified legislative framework and budget policy, and the flexibility of this system is necessary for timely adaptation to dynamic internal and external conditions, which should be provided by decentralizing management, organizing many centers of analysis and response. With regard to Ukraine, taking into account the system of political and administrative structure, levers for managing regional development should be created, and the classification of innovations is proposed to additionally introduce a group of innovations at the regional level (that is, innovations that exist in the country, but are new to the region).
2. Innovation potential is a component of the region's socio-economic potential. The innovation potential of a region can be defined as a set of scientific, technical, material, financial, human, institutional, and other resources of the region that can be used for innovation. It contains elements such as technological progress, institutional forms associated with the mechanisms of scientific and technological development, as well as the in-Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(58), 2019 novative culture of society, its susceptibility to innovation. For a comprehensive description of the state of innovative development of regions, together with the concept of "innovative potential", we suggest using a broader concept -"innovative opportunities". Under the innovative potential of the region is necessary to understand the totality of the assessment of the needs of the region in innovation upgrading (primarily the production and technological sphere), its innovative potential as well as existing organizational-legal, financial-economic, institutional, technological and other conditions for deployment of innovation.
The state of innovation infrastructure development directly affects the development of Euro-regional cooperation in the innovation sphere. Regional innovation infrastructure is a set of special innovation institutions and networks that are interconnected and ensure the development and support of all stages of the innovation process in the region in order to increase its innovative potential [16].
The main elements of the development of regional innovation infrastructure, which indicate the possibility of forming competitive advantages of the region and contribute to the development of its innovative potential, include: technoparks, scientific parks, innovation and technology centers, business incubators, venture firms, consulting and analytical firms, technopolises, etc.
If we consider these infrastructures, we can say that technoparks can be considered as an innovative and investment model of Euro-regional cooperation. Today, there are 7 technoparks in Ukraine that take part in Euroregional activities. Among them, we can highlight the Yavoriv Technopark -the bug and Carpathian Euroregions, and Eco Ukraine. The cluster approach contributes to the effective implementation of the innovation and investment economic model of Euro-regional cooperation. The experience of foreign countries shows that the emergence of clusters based on regional specialization increases the competitiveness of national economies. Clustering processes should be regulated by the legal documents of the countries participating in crossborder cooperation.
The basis of clustering within Euroregions is the creation of scientific, technical and logistics clusters. A scientific and technical cluster is an organizational structure that includes research institutes, higher education institutions, and enterprises where scientific and technical developments will be implemented. The implementation of the scientific and technical cluster in the Euroregions will solve the issue of updating the material and technical base of scientific institutions and higher education institutions, increase the share of innovative and active enterprises, increase the science intensity of GDP, create new jobs and improve the export potential of States. Scientific and technical clusters can be developed on the basis of existing technoparks.
Here, the Euro-regional cluster uses innovations as a technology to achieve the region's competitive advantages and a strategy for future development. These advantages include the possibility of promoting innovative clustering in Euroregions by financing and participating in cross-border and Euro-regional cooperation programs and projects.
Considering the prerequisites for the formation of Euro-regional cluster formations, it is necessary to analyze the Euroregions as a single territory, which should correspond to the equivalent selection of potential participants in such a cluster.
Thus, in order to determine the areas of functioning of a Euro-regional cluster formation, it is necessary to determine the competitive advantages and specialization of the border territories that are part of the corresponding Euro-regional space As for Euro-regional business incubators, this activity is currently in its infancy. According to statistics, there are 76 business incubators in Ukraine. In fact, there are no more than 10 effective ones, and there are no Euro-regional ones at all. Today, a business incubator is known in Rezina (Moldova, Euroregion " Dniester») [4].
In Ukraine, business incubators as a direction of small business support are characterized by an evolutionarily determined specificity. There are problems both in the theoretical and methodological support, and in the implementation of the business incubation concept in practice. This is, first of all, the absence of a single conceptual and categorical apparatus, the failure to resolve issues of organizing financing and lending to business incubators, and the involvement of highly qualified personnel.
As part of the development of state policy at the national level, it is also advisable to develop a state program for the sustainable development of Euroregions and determine the main priorities for their development. In particular, the development of the border regions of Ukraine will significantly improve the activities of the Euro-regional formation by increasing the competitiveness of the territories belonging to its composition. It is necessary to consider that we should support the traditional sector and industry inherent in areas that are members of Euroregions, as well as save and that we should use innovative mechanisms to stimulate the development of the Ukrainian territories, which, compared to other members of Euroregional formation may lag in their development [9].
To this end, it is important to encourage cooperation between scientific and technological centers and small and medium-sized enterprises located on the territory of Ukraine and neighboring countries. It is also necessary to make a separate emphasis on increasing the accessibility of certain territories located on the periphery, developing infrastructure facilities, transport and com-Економічний вісник Донбасу № 4(58), 2019 munication, and thus contributing to improving the provision of social services to the population.
Conclusions. Defining the creation of specialized infrastructures as a tool for activating the development of entrepreneurship in various fields of activity, we believe that the main motivation for creating such a structure is to increase the self-sufficiency of the economies of border territories, create the basic foundations for the development of new enterprises, stimulate job creation, develop cross-border infrastructure to support small businesses, and increase the welfare of the population of border territories through the development of entrepreneurship.
Successful implementation of the innovation and investment model of Euroregions depends on sufficient funding for projects and programs. Given the crisis state of the national economy, the financial assistance of the European Union plays a significant role in Euroregional cooperation.
Based on the above, the following development prospects can be identified: 1. One of the ways to improve the socio-economic development of Ukraine is to activate cross-border cooperation by creating Euroregions, which are an organizational form of cooperation between administrative and territorial units of European States, carried out in accordance with bilateral or multilateral agreements on cross -border cooperation.
2. To enhance cross-border cooperation through the implementation euroregionalmap structures it is necessary to use the innovative-investment model of development, which as a result of General economic modernization and growth in the share of high-tech industries will contribute to improving the socio-economic situation of border areas.
3. An important factor of adoption of innovation investment model of Euroregional collaboration is the creation of scientific-technological structures technological Park type, which unite scientific organizations, design bureaus, educational institutions, industrial enterprises and promote the introduction into production of scientific and technical developments.
4. Effective implementation of the innovation and investment model of Euro-regional cooperation involves the use of a cluster approach. The basis of clustering within Euroregions is the creation of scientific, technical and logistics clusters.
5. The implementation of Euro-regional structures in practice depends on the reliability of funding. At present, the most effective source remains the EU's financial assistance.